An Introduction to Sociolinguistics

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Maps -- List of Tables -- Preface to Fifth Edition -- Preface to Fourth Edition -- Preface to Third Edition -- Preface to Second Edition -- Preface to First Edition -- Authors' Acknowledgements -- Publisher's Acknowledgements -- The Online Companion -- 1 What do sociolinguists study? -- What is a sociolinguist? -- Why do we say the same thing in different ways? -- What are the different ways we say things? -- Social factors, dimensions and explanations -- Section I Multilingual Speech Communities -- 2 Language choice in multilingual communities -- Choosing your variety or code -- Diglossia -- Code-switching or code-mixing -- 3 Language maintenance and shift -- Language shift in different communities -- Language death and language loss -- Factors contributing to language shift -- How can a minority language be maintained? -- Language revival -- 4 Linguistic varieties and multilingual nations -- Vernacular languages -- Standard languages -- Lingua francas -- Pidgins and creoles -- 5 National languages and language planning -- National and official languages -- Planning for a national official language -- Developing a standard variety in Norway -- The linguist's role in language planning -- Section II Language Variation: Focus on Users -- 6 Regional and social dialects -- Regional variation -- Social variation -- Social dialects -- 7 Gender and age -- Gender-exclusive speech differences: highly structured communities -- Gender-preferential speech features: social dialect research -- Gender and social class -- Explanations of women's linguistic behaviour -- Age-graded features of speech -- Age and social dialect data -- Age grading and language change -- 8 Ethnicity and social networks -- Ethnicity -- Social networks